Ponies

Ponies are the primary inhabitants of Equestria, one of the largest and most powerful nations on the planet of Animalia. They're known for being inherently kind and friendly, even to outsiders, but can also be a bit shallow at times - not a trait unique to their species alone. Perhaps the thing they're most known for is their affinity for magic, and the fact that the unicorns, later Princess Celestia and Princess Luna, raise the sun and moon each day.

Beyond the Equestria-dwelling ponies, there are other species who are closely related to them, and are generally classified as ponies due to their remarkable similarities. These include the Draconequus, a young race, as well as the Oryxequus, the Breezies, and the Gusties, all of whom are Ancient Races.

Despite being a young race, and thus having only recently discovered magic, ponies are considered one of the Master Races. This is because many of the ancient races and young races can trace their linage back to a pony at some point.

Rare
Alicorns

Draconequus

Oryxequus

Common
Unicorns

Pegasi

Earth Ponies

Changelings

Breezies

Gusties

Summary
Ponies are considered to be reasonably skilled in the magical arts as a species. However, where they truly excel is in producing occasional ponies of extreme ability, such as Princess Celestia, Princess Luna, Twilight Sparkle, and Starlight Glimmer.

Unique Magic: Time Travel
Ponies are the only race capable of using Time Magic. Even so, there are very few ponies capable of using it.